Most of us use the terms obstetrics (OB) and gynaecology (GYM) interchangeably. One of the major mistakes, we, as patients, make is that we consider obstetrics and gynaecology to be the same terms. However, the two are completely different professions that relate to each other. It is significant to know the facts about each of these specialities so it is easier to find the right kind of doctor for oneself.
What's the Difference between Obstetrics and Gynecology
Obstetrics and gynaecology deal with the same human organ i.e., the female reproductive system, however, with different aspects.
Obstetrics
Obstetric takes care of pregnant women, unborn baby, labour, delivery, labour and the immediate period following the birth of a child. An obstetrician’s task is to ensure that the mother and child duo get the best prenatal care so that the labour and delivery are completed without any serious complications. The branch also ensures any form of intervention, if needed, is done in due time without compromising on safety.
Gynaecology
On the other hand, Gynaecology is concerned with all sorts of ailments that may arise in the reproductive organs like cervix, ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, etc. The gynae also treats any problems that are related to the bladder, bowel or the urinary system as they are positioned near the reproductive organs.
Difference & Similarities between Obstetrics and Gynecology
Gynaecology and Obstetrics are closely related, which is why the two are confused to be the same. While most gynaecologists deliver babies, obstetricians only deal with pregnancy and childbirth.
Doctors who have specialized in their fields i.e., Gynaecology and obstetrics are known as gynaecologists and obstetricians. However, to be allowed to practice in both fields, one would need to undergo intensive training in both ways.
Specialization
The Gynaecology department specializes in mammograms, Pap smear, vaginal infections, contraception, fertility problems, tubal ligations, and hysterectomies. After ensuring the pregnancy, the gynaecologist transfers the baby to the obstetrician.
The obstetrician deals with pregnancy, post-natal/post-partum care and delivery. They also perform regular ultrasounds at regular intervals during the course of pregnancy to determine the health of the fetus and identify complications, if any, to determine the gestation period.
Education
The gynaecologist and obstetrician have expertise alongside as the subject study is the same.
Surgical Procedures
The gynaecologist performs the following surgical procedures-
- Hysterectomy
- Oophorectomy
- Tubal Ligation
- Laparoscopy
- Laparotomy
- Cystoscopy
The Obstetrician performs the following surgical procedures
- Vaginal Deliveries
- Cesarean Deliveries
- Episiotomy
Diseases and Treatment
Also, the Gynecologist treats a number of diseases and medical complications that include-
- Cancer of reproductive organs (Ovaries, Fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, and vulva)
- Infertility
- Incontinence
- Amenorrhea
- Dysmenorrhea
- Menorrhagia
- Prolapse of pelvic organs
- Fungal, Bacterial or Protozoal Infections
The obstetrician, on the other hand, does not treat diseases. They are responsible for treating any complications that may occur during childbirth including-
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Placental abruption
- Uterine rupture
- Fetal distress
- Prolapsed cord
- Obstetrical haemorrhage
- Sepsis
- Shoulder dystocia
- Pre-eclampsia
Conclusion:
An OB/GYN specialist has expertise in both areas and can take care of everything. However, as years go by and the experience gets in, many retire from obstetrics and practice only Gynaecology.
Jun 01, 2019
May 30, 2018